60 20 3886 https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/86e262b26b5b96f3e87802e53e3b1dac.pdf 7f169224d0c97f1e100340a4a2ce8f13 https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/282682166eea4d629d15241481466c48.pdf a568eefe7af81bbffc124f5f8cd32d27 https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/086f8d392e268794349c583b60bf7a93.pdf 528721530fb0301f11357d37d78c64b7 https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/cd38f24c85372aaa3d865cb17d7ef7e3.pdf 4799bb96436f8e6229fb65bcf5a8c31e https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/08f40838648b41b9e34f584ba5af0a67.pdf 48d5894a1afdd9a3cf45a51914725f5f https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/584efecbcf81f5b9cb02da7940ba7957.pdf 59ab1965a08fb04a2fb6413edcf0ba63 https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/5a3ceb5e784a801bd45d24caf6dc10ca.jpg 852373d5848a7e2a6ea9a89815fae506 https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/9c4c34ec5444641fc9a659f10a0295f6.png 0c473751fcb5bb464489eefc2cf394a2 https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/14b27d2ae2be9e7e883a50d642f4d2f1.webp f54e3265024b9872682b9dd4cb4b0883 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource John Fontaine Rare Book Collections Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hopes and Fears; or, Scenes from the Life of a Spinster Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Volume 1: PZ 3. Y8 Ho3 1861 v.1 Volume 2: PZ 3. Y8 Ho3 1861 v.2 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1861 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Yonge, Charlotte M. (Mary), 1823-1901 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Hardcover Book Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available D. Appleton and Company, New York Description An account of the resource This novel is set in the Victorian era, which centers on the lives of people who live on the margins of society. The main protagonist, Honora Charlecote, a disabled spinster, devotes her life to taking care of the orphaned children of her distant cousin. Themes of education, moral instruction, and religious devotion thread throughout the narrative as the story follows four generations. Yonge writes about the hopes and fears of the children and adults across different classes, genders, and educational backgrounds, and all of these emotions center on Honora as she navigates life. 19th century book Fontaine Fontaine Collection history of the book History of the Book Fall 2025 John Fontaine John Fontaine Library Literature Victorian https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/eb56a6c339e755447cd587fa46c97bf1.jpg a530e41d614e906d737a71191a4a51bb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thomas Bethune/Tomas Wiggins/Blind Tom (MC 169) Subject The topic of the resource Thomas Wiggins, also known as Thomas Bethune or simply as Blind Tom, was born into slavery on May 25, 1849. Blind from birth, young Tom had a unique talent for recreating sounds and setting them to music. His owner, James Bethune, recognized the economic potential of his prodigy and by 1858 had rented Tom out to promoter Oliver Perry for a nationwide concert tour. Tom would work for or with the Bethune family for the remainder of his life. After the Civil War, Tom continued to tour with James Bethune as his manager, playing venues in Great Britain, Scotland, Europe, Canada, and South America. An amazing pianist, his repertoire of music included some 7,000 pieces. Wiggins died at the age of fifty-nine on June 13, 1908 in Hoboken, New Jersey. Description An account of the resource The Thomas Wiggins Sheet Music Collection contains three pieces of original sheet music, and one original article on the life of Wiggins. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc169.php Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MC 169 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Mother of Blind Tom Description An account of the resource Newspaper article about Blind Tom's mother Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Columbus Enquirer-Sun Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource October 1900 bethune blind tom newspaper clipping wiggins https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/14e3647eac7563873977c6226a71053b.jpg 78cd946b24a5743994b446c8fbccce71 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thomas Bethune/Tomas Wiggins/Blind Tom (MC 169) Subject The topic of the resource Thomas Wiggins, also known as Thomas Bethune or simply as Blind Tom, was born into slavery on May 25, 1849. Blind from birth, young Tom had a unique talent for recreating sounds and setting them to music. His owner, James Bethune, recognized the economic potential of his prodigy and by 1858 had rented Tom out to promoter Oliver Perry for a nationwide concert tour. Tom would work for or with the Bethune family for the remainder of his life. After the Civil War, Tom continued to tour with James Bethune as his manager, playing venues in Great Britain, Scotland, Europe, Canada, and South America. An amazing pianist, his repertoire of music included some 7,000 pieces. Wiggins died at the age of fifty-nine on June 13, 1908 in Hoboken, New Jersey. Description An account of the resource The Thomas Wiggins Sheet Music Collection contains three pieces of original sheet music, and one original article on the life of Wiggins. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc169.php Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MC 169 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Blind Tom's Story Told by N.Y. World Description An account of the resource Newspaper article about Blind Tom and his death Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Columbus Enquirer-Sun Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 17, 1908 bethune blind tom newspaper clipping wiggins https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/d9f28f400082463569891ff76747e49a.jpg 23fdadfc36a041d87da254d0b3c109ca Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thomas Bethune/Tomas Wiggins/Blind Tom (MC 169) Subject The topic of the resource Thomas Wiggins, also known as Thomas Bethune or simply as Blind Tom, was born into slavery on May 25, 1849. Blind from birth, young Tom had a unique talent for recreating sounds and setting them to music. His owner, James Bethune, recognized the economic potential of his prodigy and by 1858 had rented Tom out to promoter Oliver Perry for a nationwide concert tour. Tom would work for or with the Bethune family for the remainder of his life. After the Civil War, Tom continued to tour with James Bethune as his manager, playing venues in Great Britain, Scotland, Europe, Canada, and South America. An amazing pianist, his repertoire of music included some 7,000 pieces. Wiggins died at the age of fifty-nine on June 13, 1908 in Hoboken, New Jersey. Description An account of the resource The Thomas Wiggins Sheet Music Collection contains three pieces of original sheet music, and one original article on the life of Wiggins. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc169.php Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MC 169 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Blind Tom," Columbus' Musical Prodigy Dead Description An account of the resource Newspaper article about Blind Tom and his death Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Columbus Enquirer-Sun Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 16, 1908 bethune blind tom newspaper clipping wiggins https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/7f079c64f7f09a39f5544b5242e207cb.jpg 68751c65db59325811de94165c9f4e35 https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/d4d780b8ae75010676dd0fb39472a79f.jpg 92bf8bd37014caa7d2dc78d368182f2e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thomas Bethune/Tomas Wiggins/Blind Tom (MC 169) Subject The topic of the resource Thomas Wiggins, also known as Thomas Bethune or simply as Blind Tom, was born into slavery on May 25, 1849. Blind from birth, young Tom had a unique talent for recreating sounds and setting them to music. His owner, James Bethune, recognized the economic potential of his prodigy and by 1858 had rented Tom out to promoter Oliver Perry for a nationwide concert tour. Tom would work for or with the Bethune family for the remainder of his life. After the Civil War, Tom continued to tour with James Bethune as his manager, playing venues in Great Britain, Scotland, Europe, Canada, and South America. An amazing pianist, his repertoire of music included some 7,000 pieces. Wiggins died at the age of fifty-nine on June 13, 1908 in Hoboken, New Jersey. Description An account of the resource The Thomas Wiggins Sheet Music Collection contains three pieces of original sheet music, and one original article on the life of Wiggins. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc169.php Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MC 169 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "The Phenomenon of 'Blind Tom': The Most Remarkable Instance of the Sub-conscious Mind in Music, New Information on the Subject supplied by 'Blind Tom's' Teacher." Anna Amalie Tutein Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Etude Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource February 1918 bethune blind tom wiggins https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/92e6755060c2d2e2761516efced26f61.png b37338614cf81ff342417177bb6e4ed4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136) Description An account of the resource The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700s-1800s Language A language of the resource English, French, Dutch Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MC 136 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Florida, et Regiones Vicinae, ca. 1630. Delineated by Hessel Gerritsz and published by Joannes de Laet in Novus Orbis, 1633 and L’Historie de Nouveau Monde, 1635 and various other works. Description An account of the resource The director of the Dutch West Indies Company, Johannes de Laet, and the company’s chief cartographer, Hessel Gerritsz, collaborated in producing and publishing early maps of the New World. This depiction of the southeastern region of North America was one of the first to label Florida the Tegesta Province for the Tequesta Indians who lived on the southeast tip of the peninsula. That title continued to be used by map makers for almost two centuries. Rather than showing the Mississippi as a single river, Gerritsz and Laet have six separate rivers flowing into the Bahía del Spíritu Santo and another illogical delta configuration of three rivers at what is now Apalachicola. They also followed the tradition of other early map makers by including large interior lakes in the Appalachian mountains and along the Atlantic seaboard. Hessel Gerritsz had worked for Willem Blaeu before he joined the Dutch West India Company, and Gerritsz actually travelled to Brazil and the Caribbean in 1628-29 to experience the New World, an unusual act for map makers during that period. His maps became models for those cartographers who followed him during the 17th century. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1630 florida maps https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/c97239b39168c6be446f1b8058306636.png aaf4b62c1d1486c557eddc3396703326 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136) Description An account of the resource The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700s-1800s Language A language of the resource English, French, Dutch Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MC 136 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Noua Terrae-Mariae Tabula, or Lord Baltimore’s Map, 1635. Second edition by John Ogilby, 1671. Description An account of the resource Always known as Lord Baltimore’s map, this is the first depiction of Maryland as a separate colony. Two “adventurers” among the first colonizers, Jerome Hawley and John Lewger, probably drew the map. They obviously used John Smith’s map; the delineations are similar, and both share the same north-facing right orientation. While Smith provides a more accurate image of the Chesapeake Bay, Hawley and Lewger did some surveying and added more details. This was the first published map to label the James and Rappahannock Rivers correctly. With the Calvert family’s coat of arms prominently displayed, this map was produced as a compliment to a pamphlet (also written by Hawley and Lewger) designed to attract settlers to this Catholic refuge. Only twenty copies of the pamphlet with the original map are preserved in libraries in the U.S. and the U.K. John Ogilby issued a second edition of this map in his America (1671). Earlier scholars asserted that Ogilby used the 1635 plate for his image, but later ones challenge that assertion because of Ogilby’s additions. He labelled the ten Maryland counties that existed in 1671. His new version had an extra row of trees along the northern border, and he moved that boundary northward to the 40th parallel, a detail missing from the original, but one certainly supported by the Baltimore family. This map is Ogilby’s edition. (Information from Huntingfield Map Collection, The Maryland State Archives.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1671 maps maryland https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/b0fd46b19ad028e5ea91648427c95b8a.png 90491441a6b540670bee9ea4e43e00e7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136) Description An account of the resource The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700s-1800s Language A language of the resource English, French, Dutch Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MC 136 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource “Nova Belgica et Anglia Nova.” Willem Janszoom Blaeu. Based on Adrian Block’s 1614 map and published in Theatrum Orbis Terrarum, 1635. Description An account of the resource The primary source for this work was a map produced by Adrian Block in 1614. Working for fellow fur traders within the Dutch West India Company, Block explored and mapped the coast between Cape Cod and Manhattan. His was the first map to show Manhattan as an island and to label &ldquo;Manhates&rdquo; and Niev Nederlandt.&rdquo; By naming Adrian Block Island, off the coast of Rhode Island, he insured continuing fame. Block used de Laet&rsquo;s 1630 work and Samuel de Champlain&rsquo;s 1612 map. Block placed north to the right as was the case with John White and John Smith&rsquo;s maps. <br /><br />Willem Janzsoon Blaeu, a Dutch cartographer, took Block&rsquo;s work, expanded it, and produced one of the most beautiful maps of the period. Animals such as beavers, polecats, and otters appear here for the first time on a European publication. A Mohawk village based on John White&rsquo;s drawings published by de Bry views for attention with sailing ships and Indian canoes. <br /><br />Blaeu, who was educated by the Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe, began a cartographic tradition that established his family for generations as the leading map, globe, and atlas publisher during the golden are of Dutch map making. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1635 maps new england https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/dfeea6caf93d894e718edf38c6604810.png da903aba6963768b1b9517c6d3d2cbb9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136) Description An account of the resource The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700s-1800s Language A language of the resource English, French, Dutch Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MC 136 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Carolina by Herman Moll, geographer. 1729. Description An account of the resource Herman Moll’s 1729 map of Carolina, which is known as the Azilia Map, contains only a little more information about this region than what appeared on his 1720 “A New Map of the North Parts of America claimed by France . . . .” Both identified the future Georgia as Azilia. Sir Robert Montgomery requested that he be granted the land between the Savannah and Altamaha Rivers as a military buffer south of Carolina. His descriptions presented the land’s natural beauty as being a “Paradise” and labeled the Golden Islands along the coast. His proposal to create the Margravate of Azilia never rose about the level of a plan. On his 1720 map, Moll identified the area as the Margravate of Azilia in 1720 but only as Azilia in 1729, perhaps realizing the failure of Montgomery’s scheme. In both his 1720 and 1729 maps, Moll trumpeted the military triumphs of the Charlestonians against the Spanish and the Indians. Both maps note the location of St. Maria de Palxy, a Spanish Apalachee Indian mission, destroyed by the English in 1705. Moll noted the contributions of Captain Thomas Nairn to his 1720 map; he had served as a commander in the raid against the Apalachees before being killed by the Yamassee in 1715. In 1720 Moll notes the victories of the English against the Indians in 1712 and 1716. Moll’s information about Captain Nairn and warfare on the frontier might well have come from the contacts Moll developed at Jonathan’s coffee house in London that was frequented by well-known literati and adventurers, including pirates. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1729 azilia carolina Georgia maps https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/8fbed8b28e8b4185f74de70d18fd5469.png e3d23e77fa1f4eb8a159d7b8e7cb77c9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136) Description An account of the resource The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700s-1800s Language A language of the resource English, French, Dutch Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MC 136 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource New Map of Georgia, Amsterdam, for I. F. Bernard, 1737. Description An account of the resource The first printed map of colonial Georgia, it appeared in two states or versions. The map shown above is a contemporary reproduction and enlargement of the second state. Benjamin Martyn as secretary to the Trustees of Georgia published two pamphlets that included these maps. The first imprint appeared in the 1732 Some Account of the Designs of the Trustees for Establishing the Colony of Georgia in America and the second in the 1733 Reasons for Establishing the Colony of Georgia . . . Historical geographer Louis De Vorsey noted several changes in the two versions and believes that James Oglethorpe possibly altered the map to make the region appear less warlike to potential settlers. In the second version, Spanish St. Augustine is located about 70 miles too far to the south and outside of the territory claimed by England. Also omitted from the second state are two prominent inscriptions dealing with Indians and war. Along a trail that follows the Chattahoochee River from central Georgia down into central Florida is written, “the Road of Ochese going to war” and in large letters across the southern portion of the Florida peninsula appears, “Here the Carolina India[ns] leave their Canoes when they war with the Floridians.” Oglethorpe and the trustees, who were seeking colonists from the continent, did not want such descriptions on the Georgia maps being reprinted in European cities, such as this version from Amsterdam. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1733 Georgia maps https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/4cc606647c1b37470af3d3f074d93751.png fe87885c540c3d295e3a190e86a885da Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136) Description An account of the resource The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700s-1800s Language A language of the resource English, French, Dutch Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MC 136 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource “A Map of the County of Savannah.” Attributed to James Edward Oglethorpe. In Samuel Urlsperger, Der Ausführlicche Nachrichten . . . Halle, 1735. Description An account of the resource The precise history of this map, drawn a year after the settlement of Savannah, is shrouded in mystery, but most scholars see the hand of James Edward Oglethorpe, “Georgia’s cartographically astute founder,” as being involved in drawing and distributing it. Strong evidence suggests it was based on a sketch that Oglethorpe carried back to England in 1734. Whether the plate was engraved in England or Germany is unclear, but it subsequently appeared during the 1730s and 1740s in Samuel Urlsperger’s “Salzberger Tracts,” publications designed to attract new settlers to Georgia. Another theory proposes that because of its title the map dates from the creation of the County of Savannah in 1740-41. (Quote from Cumming & De Vorsey, 250-51.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1735 Georgia maps Savannah https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/7d14284856a4ca1b8ae8d418ed7be20b.png 5f875689a6a1932be9191ac18065eede Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136) Description An account of the resource The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700s-1800s Language A language of the resource English, French, Dutch Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MC 136 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource “Georgia.” R. W. Seale. In Benjamin Martyn, An Account Showing the Progress of the Colony of Georgia . . . from its First Establishment, London, 1741. Description An account of the resource Benjamin Martyn, the secretary for the Georgia Trustees, published a history of the first nine years of their experiment in social engineering. This volume contained a chronology, reports of the Trustees, letters from James Oglethorpe, and a copy of this map by R. W. Seale. The strength of this map is its delineation of the early settlements. An insert gives a detailed view of St. Simon’s where Oglethorpe established Frederica as an outpost against the Spanish. The information for this area might well have come from Oglethorpe while he was in England trying to recruit troops for the Georgia frontier. This insert map shows the trail between that fort and the barracks to south, where Oglethorpe defeated the Spanish in the Battle of Bloody Marsh in 1742. The cartographer for this image, hopefully not Oglethorpe, failed to accurately interpret the waterways. The Ogeechee River is shown as parallel and co-equal with the Savannah. A “R Undiscovered” flows from a swamp southwest of Augusta and ends without reaching any other body of water. The Alatamaha splits into two main rivers and the southern branch flows to the ocean at the location of what should be the mouth of the St. Mary’s. Both Talbot and Amelia Islands are shown inside Georgia rather than in Florida, a reality Oglethorpe would have endorsed. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1741 Georgia maps https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/527f87c2f5f3629ed3b9105b990d5cdc.png f81e9b677d87a77573bd1338202a59a6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136) Description An account of the resource The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700s-1800s Language A language of the resource English, French, Dutch Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MC 136 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource “A New Map of Georgia, with Part of Carolina, Florida and Louisiana. Drawn from Original Draughts, assisted by the most approved Maps and Charts. Collected by Eman. Bowen, Geographer to His Majesty.” In John Harris, Navigantium atque Itinerantium Bibliotheca. Or, A Complete Collection of Voyages and Travels. London, 1744-48. Description An account of the resource Emanuel Bowen’s map shows the full width of the Georgia colony from the Atlantic to the Mississippi River or French territory in 1748. Harris first published his atlas in 1705 and for the 1744-48 and 1764 editions added a chapter on the history of Georgia illustrated by this map. According to Cummings, this work is similar to Bowen’s other maps of this period but is on a larger scale. Bowen is rather generous with the boundaries of Georgia; he places the G in Georgia on the west side of the Mississippi in land claimed by France, England’s chief rival at that point. Bowen also notes trails used for the Indian trade and the location of various Indian groups. More importantly he indicates whether they are in amity with the French or the English. A note between the Oconee and Ocmulgee Rivers states, “The Cherokees, Creeks, and Chikasaws assisted General Oglethorpe in the Wars against the Spaniards.” Bowen inaccurately depicts the Chattahoochee as a short river while the Flint extends into the mountains. Georgia maps https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/18306f3faf6434d4ae7406e1298b31b4.png 10b6043994aab0a88dcf8b1b3c1c7377 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136) Description An account of the resource The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700s-1800s Language A language of the resource English, French, Dutch Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MC 136 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource “Plan von Neu Ebenezer. From Samuel Urlsperger, Ausfürhliche Nachrichten von den saltzburgischen emigranten.” Published by Matthaeus Seutter, 1747. Description An account of the resource Georgia attracted a large group of Lutherans who were expelled by the Catholic bishop of Salzburg in the 1730s. The English “Society for Promoting Christain Knowledge” financed the voyage of the first group. Their first settlement in Georgia on the Ebenezer River proved to be an inhospitable area, and they relocated to the banks of the Savannah River. This map shows their new, rationally laid-out settlement and was designed to attract more religious immigrants. This appeared in Samuel Urlsperger’s “Saltzburger Tracts.” Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1747 Georgia maps https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/f647782788699f0dad65b1337b957533.png 46338479a58cf05eda572a747074166b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136) Description An account of the resource The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700s-1800s Language A language of the resource English, French, Dutch Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MC 136 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource “A Map of South Carolina and a Part of Georgia . . . the Author William De Brahm, Surveyor General to the Province of South Carolina, one of the Surveyors of Georgia . . . 1757.” Description An account of the resource De Brahm, an engineer/surveyor who arrived in Georgia with the Salzburgers, executed the first large-scale southern map that possessed topographical accuracy. He used the scientific surveys of others and conducted his own for several years. This large map, which primarily focuses on the coast, consists of four panels, each measuring 24 x 26½ inches. De Brahm’s work is significant in that most of the surveys he used have not survived, and his work became the basis for later maps. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1757 Georgia maps South Carolina https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/c0c9c58336e4eb444e7b27d9a1a3a37a.png 50d20f77f6409acc2395738ced3cd597 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136) Description An account of the resource The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700s-1800s Language A language of the resource English, French, Dutch Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MC 136 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Unidentified survey of the Georgia coast from the mouth of the St. Johns River in Florida to the Stono River in S.C., post-1763. https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/48043a61562b3ddad0d3b6bb792b429e.png 2aec10983e5a87a28f1e4dec5df66342 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136) Description An account of the resource The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700s-1800s Language A language of the resource English, French, Dutch Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MC 136 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource “A New and Accurate Map of the Province of Georgia in North America.” From Universal Magazine. London: J. Hinton, 1779. Description An account of the resource Perhaps the last map printed of Georgia as a colony, this appeared in J. Hinton’s Universal Magazine, one of several gentlemen’s magazines circulating in London. During the American Revolution, Hinton’s journal included maps of all of the American provinces, a term resented by American rebels after 1776. This attractive map presents accurate details along the coast, including the names of many creeks flowing into major rivers, but its maker did not consult the latest and best authorities in preparing this work. Specific information about the interior is lacking or inaccurate, and only a few Indian towns are noted. Since none of Georgia’s boundaries had been surveyed by 1777, the vagueness of its borders is understandable. To the north, North Carolina is not shown as a neighboring province. To the south, the line between Florida and Georgia inaccurately follows the 31st parallel all the way to the headwaters of the St. Mary’s River, which is located too far to the west. This boundary, as defined by the British crown in 1763, ran in a straight line from the St. Mary’s headwater (marked in 1800 by Ellicott’s Mound) to the intersection of the Chattahoochee and Flint Rivers, which this map places north rather than south of the 31st parallel. The Chattahoochee River, a name that appeared on other maps at least 40 years earlier, is here called the Gr, presumably Great Flint River, and its course is generally north to south for its entire length, an error shared by most maps of this period. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1779 Georgia maps https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/e16ef290098aeeeee7d911a8be695314.png dfa634ebc4a652da7c8e6bbd4f3938c4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136) Description An account of the resource The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700s-1800s Language A language of the resource English, French, Dutch Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MC 136 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource “Georgia from the Latest Authorities.” W. Barker, sculp. Engraved for Mathew Carey’s American edition of Guthrie’s Geography, 1795. Description An account of the resource Mathew Carey, an Irish immigrant, became the nation’s first large-scale cartographic publisher of American maps and atlases. He sought to make money and to celebrate the new republic. This particular atlas and Joseph Scott’s Gazetteer of 1795 share honors as the first American atlas. Carey included 21 maps on American subjects. Unlike Scott, Carey identified Georgia’s counties including a Tallassee County on the southern border that never existed as an official entity, only as an Indian name. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1795 https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/3522e3cf8865df7c8a4caf0d6571b418.png b531dd22bfe7c88feddf1d0f3ec8b5e7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136) Description An account of the resource The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700s-1800s Language A language of the resource English, French, Dutch Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MC 136 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A map of Georgia, also the Two Floridas from the best Authorities. Doolittle, sculp. Engraved for Morse’s Universal Geography. Published by Thomas & Andrews, Boston. [1796]. Description An account of the resource Amos Doolittle, a New Hampshire cartographer and engraver, produced this map. The level of detail in the Georgia portion of his work is very similar to W. Barker’s map in Carey’s 1795 atlas. The major distinction is that Doolittle includes West Florida and East Florida as far south at the Matanzas Inlet below St. Augustine. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1796 Georgia maps https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/e9de7fdae1b186fbbefe15a2a8502d4e.png 4f1f159c2c0b788aa0cfa7102ff66b0c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136) Description An account of the resource The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700s-1800s Language A language of the resource English, French, Dutch Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MC 136 Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource “Georgia from the Latest Authorities.” Engraved by John Scoles. New York: I. Low, 1799. From John Payne’s Universal Geography. Description An account of the resource This image is a copy of Carey’s 1795 map in Guthrie’s Geography with the engraver’s name and date changed. This map continued to be issued unchanged by other printer for at least another ten years. The J. K. Spencer map collection contains two additional black and white versions of this image, both dated 1810, added by hand. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1799 Georgia maps