<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/items?output=omeka-xml&amp;page=3&amp;sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CTitle" accessDate="2026-04-04T13:49:01+00:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>3</pageNumber>
      <perPage>20</perPage>
      <totalResults>3886</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="47" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="70">
        <src>https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/af65d735c476a5a10315ad0bd43727b2.jpg</src>
        <authentication>80d9779d7368af34ef151c845cb8cc02</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="3">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="167">
                  <text>J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="168">
                  <text>The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="170">
                  <text>1700s-1800s</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="171">
                  <text>English, French, Dutch </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="172">
                  <text>MC 136</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="71">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="6262">
                  <text>http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="278">
                <text>“A General Map of the Middle British Colonies, in America; Viz Virginia, Mariland, Delaware, Pensilvania, New-Jersey, New-York, Connecticut, and Rhode Island . . . And of Part of New France: Wherein is also shewn the ancient and present Seats of the Indian Nations. By Lewis Evans. 1755.”</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="279">
                <text>1755</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>maps</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="31">
        <name>North America</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="23" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="46">
        <src>https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/f647782788699f0dad65b1337b957533.png</src>
        <authentication>46338479a58cf05eda572a747074166b</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="3">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="167">
                  <text>J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="168">
                  <text>The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="170">
                  <text>1700s-1800s</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="171">
                  <text>English, French, Dutch </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="172">
                  <text>MC 136</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="71">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="6262">
                  <text>http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="212">
                <text>“A Map of South Carolina and a Part of Georgia . . . the Author William De Brahm, Surveyor General to the Province of South Carolina, one of the Surveyors of Georgia . . . 1757.”</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="213">
                <text>De Brahm, an engineer/surveyor who arrived in Georgia with the Salzburgers, executed the first large-scale southern map that possessed topographical accuracy. He used the scientific surveys of others and conducted his own for several years. This large map, which primarily focuses on the coast, consists of four panels, each measuring 24 x 26½ inches. De Brahm’s work is significant in that most of the surveys he used have not survived, and his work became the basis for later maps.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="214">
                <text>1757</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="8">
        <name>Georgia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>maps</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="29">
        <name>South Carolina</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="46" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="69">
        <src>https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/1dcde7353379921bcc8c1e24206768da.jpg</src>
        <authentication>f6ac742a4b30a7f05a7fb24784b2811f</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="3">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="167">
                  <text>J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="168">
                  <text>The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="170">
                  <text>1700s-1800s</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="171">
                  <text>English, French, Dutch </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="172">
                  <text>MC 136</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="71">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="6262">
                  <text>http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="275">
                <text>“A Map of the British and French Dominions in North America . . . By their Lordships Most Obliged, and very humble servant John Mitchell . . . Publish’d by the Author.” 1755.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="276">
                <text>Many scholars view this as the most important map in American history because of its role in defining the new nation. Mitchell, a Virginian educated in medicine in Edinburgh, created this map for political reasons, to show how the French were encircling the British in North America. The Board of Trade saw his 1750 draft and commissioned this 1755 version. The Americans and British negotiators drafting the 1783 peace treaty drew the U.S. borders on this map. Since that time, it has been used on numerous occasions to settle international and interstate boundary conflicts.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="277">
                <text>1755</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>maps</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="31">
        <name>North America</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="19" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="42">
        <src>https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/4cc606647c1b37470af3d3f074d93751.png</src>
        <authentication>fe87885c540c3d295e3a190e86a885da</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="3">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="167">
                  <text>J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="168">
                  <text>The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="170">
                  <text>1700s-1800s</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="171">
                  <text>English, French, Dutch </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="172">
                  <text>MC 136</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="71">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="6262">
                  <text>http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195">
                <text>“A Map of the County of Savannah.” Attributed to James Edward Oglethorpe. In Samuel Urlsperger, Der Ausführlicche Nachrichten . . . Halle, 1735.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="196">
                <text>The precise history of this map, drawn a year after the settlement of Savannah, is shrouded in mystery, but most scholars see the hand of James Edward Oglethorpe, “Georgia’s cartographically astute founder,” as being involved in drawing and distributing it. Strong evidence suggests it was based on a sketch that Oglethorpe carried back to England in 1734. Whether the plate was engraved in England or Germany is unclear, but it subsequently appeared during the 1730s and 1740s in Samuel Urlsperger’s “Salzberger Tracts,” publications designed to attract new settlers to Georgia. Another theory proposes that because of its title the map dates from the creation of the County of Savannah in 1740-41.&#13;
(Quote from Cumming &amp; De Vorsey, 250-51.)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="197">
                <text>1735</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="8">
        <name>Georgia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>maps</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="28">
        <name>Savannah</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="25" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="48">
        <src>https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/48043a61562b3ddad0d3b6bb792b429e.png</src>
        <authentication>2aec10983e5a87a28f1e4dec5df66342</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="3">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="167">
                  <text>J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="168">
                  <text>The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="170">
                  <text>1700s-1800s</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="171">
                  <text>English, French, Dutch </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="172">
                  <text>MC 136</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="71">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="6262">
                  <text>http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="216">
                <text>“A New and Accurate Map of the Province of Georgia in North America.” From Universal Magazine. London: J. Hinton, 1779.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="217">
                <text>Perhaps the last map printed of Georgia as a colony, this appeared in J. Hinton’s Universal Magazine, one of several gentlemen’s magazines circulating in London. During the American Revolution, Hinton’s journal included maps of all of the American provinces, a term resented by American rebels after 1776.&#13;
&#13;
This attractive map presents accurate details along the coast, including the names of many creeks flowing into major rivers, but its maker did not consult the latest and best authorities in preparing this work. Specific information about the interior is lacking or inaccurate, and only a few Indian towns are noted.&#13;
&#13;
Since none of Georgia’s boundaries had been surveyed by 1777, the vagueness of its borders is understandable. To the north, North Carolina is not shown as a neighboring province. To the south, the line between Florida and Georgia inaccurately follows the 31st parallel all the way to the headwaters of the St. Mary’s River, which is located too far to the west. This boundary, as defined by the British crown in 1763, ran in a straight line from the St. Mary’s headwater (marked in 1800 by Ellicott’s Mound) to the intersection of the Chattahoochee and Flint Rivers, which this map places north rather than south of the 31st parallel. The Chattahoochee River, a name that appeared on other maps at least 40 years earlier, is here called the Gr, presumably Great Flint River, and its course is generally north to south for its entire length, an error shared by most maps of this period.&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="218">
                <text>1779</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="8">
        <name>Georgia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>maps</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="21" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="44">
        <src>https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/527f87c2f5f3629ed3b9105b990d5cdc.png</src>
        <authentication>f81e9b677d87a77573bd1338202a59a6</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="3">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="167">
                  <text>J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="168">
                  <text>The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="170">
                  <text>1700s-1800s</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="171">
                  <text>English, French, Dutch </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="172">
                  <text>MC 136</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="71">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="6262">
                  <text>http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="201">
                <text>“A New Map of Georgia, with Part of Carolina, Florida and Louisiana. Drawn from Original Draughts, assisted by the most approved Maps and Charts. Collected by Eman. Bowen, Geographer to His Majesty.” In John Harris, Navigantium atque Itinerantium Bibliotheca. Or, A Complete Collection of Voyages and Travels. London, 1744-48.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="202">
                <text>Emanuel Bowen’s map shows the full width of the Georgia colony from the Atlantic to the Mississippi River or French territory in 1748. Harris first published his atlas in 1705 and for the 1744-48 and 1764 editions added a chapter on the history of Georgia illustrated by this map. According to Cummings, this work is similar to Bowen’s other maps of this period but is on a larger scale.&#13;
&#13;
Bowen is rather generous with the boundaries of Georgia; he places the G in Georgia on the west side of the Mississippi in land claimed by France, England’s chief rival at that point. Bowen also notes trails used for the Indian trade and the location of various Indian groups. More importantly he indicates whether they are in amity with the French or the English. A note between the Oconee and Ocmulgee Rivers states, “The Cherokees, Creeks, and Chikasaws assisted General Oglethorpe in the Wars against the Spaniards.” Bowen inaccurately depicts the Chattahoochee as a short river while the Flint extends into the mountains.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="8">
        <name>Georgia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>maps</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="40" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="63">
        <src>https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/6dcedbc9ee569960b88b30a86692d4db.jpg</src>
        <authentication>60881a619af2b4594a8a68e3b3464994</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="3">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="167">
                  <text>J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="168">
                  <text>The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="170">
                  <text>1700s-1800s</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="171">
                  <text>English, French, Dutch </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="172">
                  <text>MC 136</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="71">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="6262">
                  <text>http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="283">
                <text>“A New Map of the English Empire in America viz Virginia Mary Land Carolina Pennsylvania . . . &amp;c by Robert Morden. ca. 1695. Sold by Robert Morden at the Atlas in Cornhill and by Christopher Brown at ye Globe near the West End of St. Paul’s Church. London: I. Harris, sculp.”</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="284">
                <text>The title of English Empire in America reflects its 1695 publication date, almost a decade before the Acts of Union of England and Scotland (1706 &amp; 1707) that created the Kingdom of Great Britain and the British Empire. Even so, John Senex republished this map with minor changes in 1717 and retained the title English Empire.&#13;
&#13;
The most unique feature of this map is its fanciful mountain ranges, which resemble an irregular four-armed starfish with its body in western North Carolina. Extending northeasterly from there, the “Apalitean Mountains” become scattered as they reach southern Pennsylvania. Another range extends directly west across what becomes Tennessee to the Mississippi River. The northern arm reaches all the way to the tip of the southern peninsular of Michigan and is labeled: “On the top of these mountains is a Plaine like a Terras Walk aboue 200 miles in length.” The southern arm extends deep into Florida and presents a mountain range as the watershed divide on that flat peninsular. The most accurate details relate to the coastal regions. It includes information about rivers and settlements in the Carolinas but not in the area destined to become Georgia.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="285">
                <text>1695</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>maps</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="31">
        <name>North America</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="43" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="66">
        <src>https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/ecf491108fe1ca25531a3ba6bdf56c3f.jpg</src>
        <authentication>bc03302ac712b473dbe4ba75afef6324</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="3">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="167">
                  <text>J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="168">
                  <text>The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="170">
                  <text>1700s-1800s</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="171">
                  <text>English, French, Dutch </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="172">
                  <text>MC 136</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="71">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="6262">
                  <text>http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="289">
                <text>“A New Map of the North Parts of America claimed by France under ye Names of Louisiana, Mississippe, Canada and New France with ye Adjoyning Territories of England and Spain . . .” By H. Moll Geographer, 1720.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="290">
                <text>Known as Moll’s “Sasquesahanok Indian Fort” map after the image in the upper left, the map’s title indicates its design, to refute Guillaume Delisle’s “Carte de la Louisiane” map (1718) that showed circumscribed English land claims along the Atlantic coast. Moll warned “those Noblemen, Gentlemen, Merchants &amp;c., who are interested in our Plantations,” of the French “incroachements.” And he urged that good relations be maintained with the old English Allies, the “Charakeys” and Iroquois. Moll included the number of Cherokee villages in several locations to indicate their military strength. Moll’s information about the Southeast was garnered from first hand observers. He was aware of Sir Robert Montgomery’s 1718 plan to create the Margravate of Azilia. Moll probably advocated the proposal because it promised to fortify the southern border of the English empire.&#13;
&#13;
Moll’s social life revolved around Jonathan’s coffee house in London, where he exchanged ideas with literary figures such as Jonathan Swift and Daniel Defoe and intellectual pirates like William Dampier. His involvement in that circle also led to his producing maps that encouraged investment in the South Sea Company that burst in a bubble just as this map appeared.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="291">
                <text>1720</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>maps</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="31">
        <name>North America</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1727" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="2122">
        <src>https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/2e68a50c1fa3fae9e807c83aa46774c2.jpg</src>
        <authentication>4a8f456dd087faeea304b47186e99a22</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="39">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10899">
                  <text>MC 384</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10900">
                  <text>Bibb Manufacturing Company Photographs (MC 384)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10901">
                  <text>Photographs and negatives of Bibb Mill and the surrounding area known as Bibb City in Columbus, Georgia.  </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10902">
                  <text>1940-1950</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10903">
                  <text>Bibb Manufacturing Company </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="16668">
              <text>Photograph</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="16669">
              <text>5" x 7"</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="92">
          <name>Coloration</name>
          <description>Is the photograph black and white or in color</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="16670">
              <text>Black and White</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16661">
                <text>MC384-5-2-064</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16662">
                <text>“Blooper “Lloyd Jr. Byrd, Pitcher</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16663">
                <text>A picture of Lloyd Bryd wearing a baseball hat, standing in front of a brick wall with a baseball glove on his left hand and a baseball in his right hand.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16664">
                <text>1950</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16665">
                <text>By accessing the CSU Digital Archives, the user agrees to give proper acknowledgement to the CSU Archives and further agrees to secure permission in advance from the CSU Archives to publish any item in any way, in whole or in part, from its collections. The Archives preferred citation is:&#13;
&#13;
Bibb Manufacturing Company Photograph Collection (MC 384)&#13;
Columbus State University Archives&#13;
Columbus, Georgia&#13;
&#13;
Columbus State University Archives does not claim to control the rights of reproducing for all materials in the collection. The publishing party assumes all responsibility for clearing reproduction rights and for any infringement of the U. S. Copyright Code and agrees to indemnify and hold harmless Columbus State University, its officers, employees, and agents from and against all suits, claims, actions, and expenses.&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16666">
                <text>||||osm&#13;
Columbus, Georgia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16667">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc384.php"&gt;Bibb Manufacturing Company Photograph Collection (MC 384)&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16766">
                <text>Negatives Included</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1063">
        <name>baseball</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="21">
        <name>bibb city</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1072">
        <name>Blooper</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="15">
        <name>Columbus</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1073">
        <name>Lloyd Jr. Byrd</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="89">
        <name>Photograph</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1064">
        <name>softball</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="45" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="68">
        <src>https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/52e4f14cbb626c1484087dbb7293e39f.jpg</src>
        <authentication>36993d2a13ad748c6e6b587168f84aa5</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="3">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="167">
                  <text>J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="168">
                  <text>The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="170">
                  <text>1700s-1800s</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="171">
                  <text>English, French, Dutch </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="172">
                  <text>MC 136</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="71">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="6262">
                  <text>http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="273">
                <text>“Carte de La Louisiane Cours du Mississippi et Pais Voisins. Dediée à M. le Comte de Maurepas, Ministre et Sectaire d’Etat Commander des Ordes du Roy. Par N. Bellin Ingenieur de la Marine, 1744.”</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="274">
                <text>1744</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="32">
        <name>Louisiana</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>maps</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="31">
        <name>North America</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="41" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="64">
        <src>https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/cb61ea20cdacccd0f0e3e56ab6a11bea.jpg</src>
        <authentication>c6e94a7284a8a9206003e31ca6763544</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="3">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="167">
                  <text>J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="168">
                  <text>The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="170">
                  <text>1700s-1800s</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="171">
                  <text>English, French, Dutch </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="172">
                  <text>MC 136</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="71">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="6262">
                  <text>http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="286">
                <text>“Carte de la Louisiane et du Cours du Mississippi Dressée . . . Par Guillaume Del’isle.” 1718. In G. Delisle, Atlas, Paris, 1700-62.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="287">
                <text>In the early 18th century, Claude Delisle (1644-1720) and his four sons became the preeminent family of French cartography. The most accomplished was the child prodigy Guillaume Delisle (1675-1726), who served as the chief royal geographer and is considered the first modern scientific cartographer. This map is significant for several reasons. Using the reports of French explorers and his father’s earlier drawings, Guillaume produced the first accurate depiction of the mouth of the Mississippi and the Gulf Coast. This work became the main source for later cartographers dealing with this area. Both the Missouri and the Rio Grande Rivers are shown in a fairly accurate manner but by earlier names. The Missouri, however, is shown as flowing around the northern end of the Rocky Mountains. Meriwether Lewis and William Clark shared that same belief or hope, and some scholars believe that the Delisle’s work was the oldest map consulted by these later explorers. This work also represents an example of political cartography as Delisle greatly circumscribes the extent of English settlement as a means of expanding the French empire. He inaccurately asserts that Charles Town was the failed French outpost Charles Fort from the 1650s. His representation of Carolina does not extend to the Savannah River. In general, this representation of the interior along the East coast is inaccurate. This work was the first to show de Soto’s route through the Southeast. In some of its key points Delisle’s route is very close to the recent reinterpretations of De Soto’s march by archaeologists at the University of Georgia.&#13;
&#13;
(Some information from the text of a University of Virginia Library exhibit.)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="288">
                <text>1718</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="32">
        <name>Louisiana</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>maps</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="30">
        <name>Mississippi</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="31">
        <name>North America</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="35" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="58">
        <src>https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/7c4243395e92a009b17ec51968b4b8de.png</src>
        <authentication>29a5c1f9802acac3db835aea4d2d3466</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="3">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="167">
                  <text>J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="168">
                  <text>The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="170">
                  <text>1700s-1800s</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="171">
                  <text>English, French, Dutch </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="172">
                  <text>MC 136</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="71">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="6262">
                  <text>http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="246">
                <text>“Geographical, Historical, And Statistical Map Of Georgia.” Drawn by F. Lucas, Jr. Engrd. by J. Yeager. A Complete Historical, Chronological, And Geographical American Atlas, . . . To The Year 1822 . . . T. H. Palmer, Printer. Published by H. C. Carey &amp; I. Lea, Philadephia, 1822.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="247">
                <text>This was the first American atlas modeled on that of Le Sage’s volume published in Florence, Italy (1806) that focused on European countries and world history. C. V. Lavoisne later produced similar volumes in London. Carey and Lea extended this concept to the U.S. states and the countries of Latin America. Fielding Lucas drew this and several other maps in this volume. He published his own American Atlas in 1822 that only included the maps without the text material.&#13;
&#13;
The Georgia data appears to be based on the 1820 census and includes statistics and information about population, climate, education, history, government, etc. The entry on religion simply reads: “The baptists and methodists are by far the most numerous religious denominations. There are but few settled minister in the state.” As this 1822 maps shows, the Cherokees still retained their land in the northwest corner of Georgia, while the Lower&#13;
Creeks owned a strip of tribal property between the Flint and Chattahoochee Rivers. Both groups lost their land during the two ensuing decades.&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="248">
                <text>1822</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="8">
        <name>Georgia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>maps</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="28" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="51">
        <src>https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/e9de7fdae1b186fbbefe15a2a8502d4e.png</src>
        <authentication>4f1f159c2c0b788aa0cfa7102ff66b0c</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="3">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="167">
                  <text>J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="168">
                  <text>The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="170">
                  <text>1700s-1800s</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="171">
                  <text>English, French, Dutch </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="172">
                  <text>MC 136</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="71">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="6262">
                  <text>http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="225">
                <text>“Georgia from the Latest Authorities.” Engraved by John Scoles. New York: I. Low, 1799. From John Payne’s Universal Geography.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="226">
                <text>This image is a copy of Carey’s 1795 map in Guthrie’s Geography with the engraver’s name and date changed. This map continued to be issued unchanged by other printer for at least another ten years. The J. K. Spencer map collection contains two additional black and white versions of this image, both dated 1810, added by hand.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227">
                <text>1799</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="8">
        <name>Georgia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>maps</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="26" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="49">
        <src>https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/e16ef290098aeeeee7d911a8be695314.png</src>
        <authentication>dfa634ebc4a652da7c8e6bbd4f3938c4</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="3">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="167">
                  <text>J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="168">
                  <text>The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="170">
                  <text>1700s-1800s</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="171">
                  <text>English, French, Dutch </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="172">
                  <text>MC 136</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="71">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="6262">
                  <text>http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="219">
                <text>“Georgia from the Latest Authorities.” W. Barker, sculp. Engraved for Mathew Carey’s American edition of Guthrie’s Geography, 1795.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="220">
                <text>Mathew Carey, an Irish immigrant, became the nation’s first large-scale cartographic publisher of American maps and atlases. He sought to make money and to celebrate the new republic. This particular atlas and Joseph Scott’s Gazetteer of 1795 share honors as the first American atlas. Carey included 21 maps on American subjects. Unlike Scott, Carey identified Georgia’s counties including a Tallassee County on the southern border that never existed as an official entity, only as an Indian name.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="221">
                <text>1795</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="37" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="60">
        <src>https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/cd57023751eb59810835897daec564bc.png</src>
        <authentication>c2f317ac36c380cb1dd3c512165d770b</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="3">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="167">
                  <text>J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="168">
                  <text>The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="170">
                  <text>1700s-1800s</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="171">
                  <text>English, French, Dutch </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="172">
                  <text>MC 136</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="71">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="6262">
                  <text>http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="252">
                <text>“Georgia.” Engraved by G. W. Boynton. 1838. In T. G. Bradford, A General Atlas Of The World, With A Separate Map Of Each Of The United States Of America. Edited By S.G. Goodrich. Boston, C.D. Strong ... 1841 by C.D. Strong ... Massachusetts. B.W. Thayer &amp; Co.’s Lithogy, Boston, 1841.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="253">
                <text>1841</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="8">
        <name>Georgia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>maps</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="32" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="55">
        <src>https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/b9ce077ea90869079a2da23423c30998.png</src>
        <authentication>b0b0092fe0f2bb6f7c560e7df466d625</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="3">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="167">
                  <text>J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="168">
                  <text>The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="170">
                  <text>1700s-1800s</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="171">
                  <text>English, French, Dutch </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="172">
                  <text>MC 136</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="71">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="6262">
                  <text>http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="237">
                <text>“Georgia.” No cartographer. In M. Carey &amp; Son, Philadephia, 1805.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="238">
                <text>The first map of Georgia without its western territory appeared in an edition of Carey’s atlas.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="239">
                <text>1805</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="8">
        <name>Georgia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>maps</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="29" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="52">
        <src>https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/ac12961c4c1db5d4698fc895f85cb136.png</src>
        <authentication>38c76d81bba7126355a4c632ae219039</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="3">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="167">
                  <text>J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="168">
                  <text>The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="170">
                  <text>1700s-1800s</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="171">
                  <text>English, French, Dutch </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="172">
                  <text>MC 136</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="71">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="6262">
                  <text>http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="228">
                <text>“Georgia.” Published in Joseph Scott’s The New and Univeral Gazetteer, 1799.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="229">
                <text>The same map first appeared in Scott’s The United States Gazetteer in 1795. Scott and Matthew Carey vie for the claim to have published the first American atlas containing state maps. Scott’s “Georgia” includes very little detailed information. This work does not delineate the Georgia counties, which are shown in other atlas maps of this period. Scott’s waterways appear to be fairly accurate. His limited listing of Indian towns include Broken Arrow located just south of what is now Phenix City, Alabama.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="230">
                <text>1799</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="8">
        <name>Georgia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>maps</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="20" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="43">
        <src>https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/7d14284856a4ca1b8ae8d418ed7be20b.png</src>
        <authentication>5f875689a6a1932be9191ac18065eede</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="3">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="167">
                  <text>J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="168">
                  <text>The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="170">
                  <text>1700s-1800s</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="171">
                  <text>English, French, Dutch </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="172">
                  <text>MC 136</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="71">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="6262">
                  <text>http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="198">
                <text>“Georgia.” R. W. Seale. In Benjamin Martyn, An Account Showing the Progress of the Colony of Georgia . . . from its First Establishment, London, 1741.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="199">
                <text>Benjamin Martyn, the secretary for the Georgia Trustees, published a history of the first nine years of their experiment in social engineering. This volume contained a chronology, reports of the Trustees, letters from James Oglethorpe, and a copy of this map by R. W. Seale. The strength of this map is its delineation of the early settlements. An insert gives a detailed view of St. Simon’s where Oglethorpe established Frederica as an outpost against the Spanish. The information for this area might well have come from Oglethorpe while he was in England trying to recruit troops for the Georgia frontier. This insert map shows the trail between that fort and the barracks to south, where Oglethorpe defeated the Spanish in the Battle of Bloody Marsh in 1742.&#13;
&#13;
The cartographer for this image, hopefully not Oglethorpe, failed to accurately interpret the waterways. The Ogeechee River is shown as parallel and co-equal with the Savannah. A “R Undiscovered” flows from a swamp southwest of Augusta and ends without reaching any other body of water. The Alatamaha splits into two main rivers and the southern branch flows to the ocean at the location of what should be the mouth of the St. Mary’s. Both Talbot and Amelia Islands are shown inside Georgia rather than in Florida, a reality Oglethorpe would have endorsed.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="200">
                <text>1741</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="8">
        <name>Georgia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>maps</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="30" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="53">
        <src>https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/a13b38cebe4df67d637b1bc4512e5ff0.png</src>
        <authentication>ed28c917f3c8f105da1b6c9b97df5bdf</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="3">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="167">
                  <text>J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="168">
                  <text>The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="170">
                  <text>1700s-1800s</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="171">
                  <text>English, French, Dutch </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="172">
                  <text>MC 136</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="71">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="6262">
                  <text>http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="231">
                <text>“Georgia.” W. Barker, sc. Published in Matthew Carey’s American Pocket Atlas, 1801.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="232">
                <text>This atlas consisted of 19 maps: an overall U.S., the Northwest Territory, and 17 separate states. The first edition of this work appeared in 1796. Given the format of this portable atlas, its maps were smaller and contained fewer features. In the case of Georgia there is no attempt to show the location of the counties, which was a feature of most of the other atlas of this period.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="233">
                <text>1801</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="39" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="62">
        <src>https://digitalarchives.columbusstate.edu/files/original/d27d2e37d1f1367be115d770fafaf7b7.png</src>
        <authentication>5ce15edc1c1004dfc0c5ab13396bd3a9</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="3">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="167">
                  <text>J. Kyle Spencer Map Collection (MC 136)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="168">
                  <text>The Spencer Map Collection documents the emergence and evolution of the American colonies, specifically Georiga, and the formation of the United States as a whole, ranging from the late 1500s to the late 1800s.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="170">
                  <text>1700s-1800s</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description>A language of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="171">
                  <text>English, French, Dutch </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="172">
                  <text>MC 136</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="71">
              <name>Is Referenced By</name>
              <description>A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="6262">
                  <text>http://archives.columbusstate.edu/findingaids/mc136.php</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="257">
                <text>“Lloyd’s topographical map of Georgia from state surveys before the war showing railways, stations, villages, mills, &amp;c. James T. Lloyd. New York, J. T. Lloyd, 1864.”</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="258">
                <text>1864</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="8">
        <name>Georgia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>maps</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
